Svalabard: Une table à dessin virtuelle pour la modélisation 3D

International audienceThis paper introduces a perspective sketching interface for creative 3D modeling: Svalabard. To close the gap between designers' abilities and 3D modeling tools, our proposal is a freehand sketching tool, metaphor of a drawing desk. Interactions and tools take advantage of designers work habits (multilayer drawing, association of interactions with input devices). Svalabard includes background drawing filters, developed from a user study in the architectural domain. Those filters detect the current drawing context in real-time to adapt the interface and clean the sketch. Finally, the result of the filters is a structured representation of drawn 3D volumes.Cet article présente une interface de dessin en perspective pour la modélisation 3D créative : Svalabard. Partant du constat d'inadéquation entre le savoir-faire des créateurs et les outils actuels, nous proposons un système de dessin libre, métaphore d'une table à dessin. L'interaction et les outils proposés sont dérivés des habitudes de travail des concepteurs (dessin multi calques, association des interactions avec des périphériques spécifiques). Svalabard intègre en particulier des filtres d'analyse sous-jacents, issus d'une étude utilisateur dans le domaine architectu- ral. Ils permettent de détecter en temps réel le contexte courant du dessin afin d'adapter l'interaction et d'épurer le dessin. Ils produisent finalement une représentation structurée des volumes 3D dessinés

VR4D: An Immersive and Collaborative Experience to Improve the Interior Design Process

International audienceErgonomics and spatial constraints are important issues to consider during the design process of limited spaces. In this paper, we present a user-centered methodology for designing a new VR tool for collaborative design and evaluation of limited spaces. The system is composed of two communicating tools: a sketch-based application, and a 3D immersive application. Using this tool, two collaborating users can perform simultaneously two steps of the design process: the sketching phase, and the organization and evaluation of the 3D space. A preliminary evaluation session, conducted with expert designers to assess the usability and the utility of the system, shows its value

Influence of Contextual Objects on Spatial Interactions and viewpoints sharing in Virtual Environments

International audienceCollaborative virtual environments (CVEs) are 3D spaces in which users share virtual objects, communicate, and work together. To collaborate efficiently, users must develop a common representation of their shared virtual space. In this work, we investigated spatial communication in virtual environments. In order to perform an object co-manipulation task, the users must be able to communicate and exchange spatial information, such as object position, in a virtual environment. We conducted an experiment in which we manipulated the contents of the shared virtual space to understand how users verbally construct a common spatial representation of their environment. Forty-four students participated in the experiment to assess the influence of contextual objects on spatial communication and sharing of viewpoints. The participants were asked to perform in dyads an object co-manipulation task. The results show that the presence of a contextual object such as fixed and lateralized visual landmarks in the virtual environment positively influences the way male operators collaborate to perform this task. These results allow us to provide some design recommendations for CVEs for object manipulation tasks

WYFIWIF: A Haptic Communication Paradigm For Collaborative Motor Skills Learning

International audienceMotor skills transfer is a challenging issue for many applications such as surgery, design and industry. In order to design virtual environments that support motor skills learning, a deep understanding of humans' haptic interactions is required. To ensure skills transfer, experts and novices need to collaborate. This requires the construction of the common frame of reference between the teacher and the learner in order to understand each other. In this paper, human-human haptic collaboration is investigated in order to understand how haptic information is exchanged. Furthermore, WYFIWIF (What You Feel Is What I Feel), a haptic communication paradigm is introduced. This paradigm is based on a hand guidance metaphor. The paradigm helps operators to construct an efficient common frame of reference by allowing a direct haptic communication. A learning virtual environment is used to evaluate this haptic communication paradigm. Hence, 60 volunteer students performed a needle insertion learning task. The results of this experiment show that, compared to conventional methods, the learning method based on haptic communication improves the novices' performance in such a task. We conclude that the WYFIWIF paradigm facilitate expert-novice haptic collaboration to teach motor skills

WYFIWIF: A Haptic Communication Paradigm For Collaborative Motor Skills Learning

International audienceMotor skills transfer is a challenging issue for many applications such as surgery, design and industry. In order to design virtual environments that support motor skills learning, a deep understanding of humans' haptic interactions is required. To ensure skills transfer, experts and novices need to collaborate. This requires the construction of the common frame of reference between the teacher and the learner in order to understand each other. In this paper, human-human haptic collaboration is investigated in order to understand how haptic information is exchanged. Furthermore, WYFIWIF (What You Feel Is What I Feel), a haptic communication paradigm is introduced. This paradigm is based on a hand guidance metaphor. The paradigm helps operators to construct an efficient common frame of reference by allowing a direct haptic communication. A learning virtual environment is used to evaluate this haptic communication paradigm. Hence, 60 volunteer students performed a needle insertion learning task. The results of this experiment show that, compared to conventional methods, the learning method based on haptic communication improves the novices' performance in such a task. We conclude that the WYFIWIF paradigm facilitate expert-novice haptic collaboration to teach motor skills

Haptic communication to support biopsy procedures learning in virtual environments

International audienceIn interventional radiology, physicians require high haptic sensitivity and fine motor skills development because of the limited real-time visual feedback of the surgical site. The transfer of this type of surgical skill to novices is a challenging issue. This paper presents a study on the design of a biopsy procedure learning system. Our methodology, based on a task-centered design approach, aims to bring out new design rules for virtual learning environments. A new collaborative haptic training paradigm is introduced to support human-haptic interaction in a virtual environment. The interaction paradigm supports haptic communication between two distant users to teach a surgical skill. In order to evaluate this paradigm, a user experiment was conducted. Sixty volunteer medical students participated in the study to assess the influence of the teaching method on their performance in a biopsy procedure task. The results show that to transfer the skills, the combination of haptic communication with verbal and visual communications improves the novices' performance compared to conventional teaching methods. Furthermore, the results show that, depending on the teaching method, participants developed different needle insertion profiles. We conclude that our interaction paradigm facilitates expert-novice haptic communication and improves skills transfer; and new skills acquisition depends on the availability of different communication channels between experts and novices. Our findings indicate that the traditional fellowship methods in surgery should evolve to an off-patient collaborative environment that will continue to support visual and verbal communication, but also haptic communication, in order to achieve a better and more complete skills training

Influence des systèmes de référence sur les profils de collaboration dans un environnement virtuel

International audienceLes Environnements Virtuels Collaboratifs sont des espaces 3D partagés dans lesquels les personnes travaillent ensemble. Pour que la collaboration soit efficace, les utilisateurs doivent avoir des compréhensions compatibles du monde virtuel. Dans cette étude exploratoire nous avons manipulé le contenu de l'environnement virtuel partagé pour comprendre comment les utilisateurs construisent verbalement des représentations communes de cet environnement. Les résultats montrent que la présence d'un indice visuel fixe dans l'environnement virtuel influence la façon dont les opérateurs collaborent

Elaboration of a common frame of reference in Collaborative Virtual Environments

International audienceMotivation – To design virtual environments that support collaborative activities. Research approach – An experimental approach in which 44 students were asked to work in pairs to reconstruct five 3D figures. Findings/Design – The results show that including a contextual clue in virtual environments improves collaboration between operators. Research limitations – Further investigative work must be carried out to extract accurate female collaboration profiles. Originality/Value – The results enable three collaboration profiles to be identified. They also allow the extraction of some characteristics of a contextual clue which can be added to a virtual environment to improve collaboration. Take away message – The contents of a collaborative virtual environment influences the way that users collaborate

Haptic communication to enhance collaboration in virtual environments

International audienceMotivation – To study haptic communication in collaborative virtual environments. Research approach – An experimental study was conducted, in which 60 students were asked to perform in dyads a shared manual task after a training period. Findings/Design – The results show that haptic communication can influence the common frame of reference development in a shared manual task. Research limitations/Implications – Deeper verbalization analyses are needed to evaluate the common frame of reference development. Originality/Value – This study highlights haptic interactions importance when designing virtual environment that support shared manual tasks. Take away message – Haptic communication, combined with visual and verbal communication, enriches interactions in virtual environments

Haptic communication to support biopsy procedures learning in virtual environments

International audienceIn interventional radiology, physicians require high haptic sensitivity and fine motor skills development because of the limited real-time visual feedback of the surgical site. The transfer of this type of surgical skill to novices is a challenging issue. This paper presents a study on the design of a biopsy procedure learning system. Our methodology, based on a task-centered design approach, aims to bring out new design rules for virtual learning environments. A new collaborative haptic training paradigm is introduced to support human-haptic interaction in a virtual environment. The interaction paradigm supports haptic communication between two distant users to teach a surgical skill. In order to evaluate this paradigm, a user experiment was conducted. Sixty volunteer medical students participated in the study to assess the influence of the teaching method on their performance in a biopsy procedure task. The results show that to transfer the skills, the combination of haptic communication with verbal and visual communications improves the novices' performance compared to conventional teaching methods. Furthermore, the results show that, depending on the teaching method, participants developed different needle insertion profiles. We conclude that our interaction paradigm facilitates expert-novice haptic communication and improves skills transfer; and new skills acquisition depends on the availability of different communication channels between experts and novices. Our findings indicate that the traditional fellowship methods in surgery should evolve to an off-patient collaborative environment that will continue to support visual and verbal communication, but also haptic communication, in order to achieve a better and more complete skills training